The paths and recommendations for different evidence synthesis methods selection_Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine

Authors：

WANG Wenya ¹ , JING Chengyang ¹ , SHI Lanjun ¹ , LI Yajing ¹ ,  HU Jing ² ,  LIAO Xing ¹

1. Center for Evidence-based Chinese Medicine, Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, P. R. China;
2. Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University/Beijing Institute of Chinese Medicine/Beijing Evidence based Chinese Medicine Center, Beijing 100010, P. R. China;

Corresponding author：

HU Jing, Email: hujingebm@163.com; LIAO Xing, Email: okfrom2008@hotmail.com

Keywords：

Evidence synthesis; Methodology; Review typology; Selection path

DOI：

10.7507/1672-2531.202406128

Video：

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Evidence synthesis is the use of standardized, clear and rigorous methods to bring together and merge existing research data, knowledge and information, focusing on specific research questions, in order to provide a basis for relevant medical and health decision-making. At present, there are many types of evidence synthesis methods, the number of related applied researches has proliferated, however, it is easy to confuse different methods, which leads to problems such as misuse and abuse. The choice of inappropriate synthesis method will reduce the credibility and applicability of evidence. Clarifying the path and link of the selection of evidence synthesis methods will play a positive role in promoting the standardization of evidence-based evaluation. Thus, this paper briefly describes the development and classification of evidence synthesis methods, and reviews 18 representative evidence synthesis methods and its application examples in the medical field including systematic review. It also introduces the "Right Review", an evidence synthesis method selection tool that has been developed and put into use in recent years, and clarifies the limitations of the current selection tools and methods. At the same time, referring to existing tools, theories, and models, the selection path for different evidence synthesis methods and the decision process of evidence synthesis are proposed to provide reference for researchers to choose the evidence synthesis method reasonably.

Citation： WANG Wenya, JING Chengyang, SHI Lanjun, LI Yajing, HU Jing, LIAO Xing. The paths and recommendations for different evidence synthesis methods selection. Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine, 2025, 25(3): 358-366. doi: 10.7507/1672-2531.202406128 Copy

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1. Gough D, Davies P, Jamtvedt G, et al. Evidence Synthesis International (ESI): position statement. Syst Rev, 2020, 9(1): 155.
2. No authors listed. The value of evidence synthesis. Nat Hum Behav, 2021, 5(5): 539.
3. Grant MJ, Booth A. A typology of reviews: an analysis of 14 review types and associated methodologies. Health Info Libr J, 2009, 26(2): 91-108.
4. Munn Z, Pollock D, Barker TH, et al. The pandora's box of evidence synthesis and the case for a living evidence synthesis taxonomy. BMJ Evid Based Med, 2023, 28(3): 148-150.
5. Clarke M. History of evidence synthesis to assess treatment effects: personal reflections on something that is very much alive. J R Soc Med, 2016, 109(4): 154-163.
6. Bartholomew M. James Lind's treatise of the scurvy (1753). Postgrad Med J, 2002, 78(925): 695-696.
7. Hunt JR. James Lind and the story of scurvy. Nurs Hist Rev, 2000, 8(1): 17-31.
8. 李幼平, 刘雪梅. 系统评价的起源、发展和作用. 中国循证医学杂志, 2011, 11(1): 2-6.
9. Best L, Stevens A, Jones DC. Rapid and responsive health technology assessment: the development and evaluation process in the South and West region of England. J Clin Effectiveness, 1997, 2(2): 51-56.
10. Watt A, Cameron A, Sturm L, et al. Rapid reviews versus full systematic reviews: an inventory of current methods and practice in health technology assessment. Int J Technol Assess Health Care, 2008, 24(2): 133-139.
11. Adams C, Dooley G, Jefferson T, et al. Overviews - the way forward for the collaboration? Cape Town, South Africa: the 8th annual Cochrane Colloquium, 2000.
12. Arksey H, O'Malley L. Scoping studies: towards a methodological framework. Int J Soc Res Methodol, 2005, 8(1): 19-32.
13. Elliott JH, Turner T, Clavisi O, et al. Living systematic reviews: an emerging opportunity to narrow the evidence-practice gap. PLoS Med, 2014, 11(2): e1001603.
14. 李文强, 廖星, 曾琳, 等. 混合方法研究系统综述的报告规范解读. 中华医学杂志, 2024, 104(21): 1911-1917.
15. Hoffmann F, Allers K, Rombey T, et al. Nearly 80 systematic reviews were published each day: observational study on trends in epidemiology and reporting over the years 2000-2019. J Clin Epidemiol, 2021, 138: 1-11.
16. Moher D, Cook DJ, Eastwood S, et al. Improving the quality of reports of meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials: the QUOROM statement. Br J Surg, 2000, 87(11): 1448-1454.
17. Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, et al. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. BMJ, 2009, 339: b2535.
18. Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, 等. 系统综述和荟萃分析优先报告的条目: PRISMA声明. 中西医结合学报, 2009, 7(9): 889-896.
19. 闫行敏, 刘天怡, 彭晓霞. 国内外生物医学期刊采用医学研究报告规范的现状与问题. 中国全科医学, 2017, 20(36): 4598-4602.
20. Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, et al. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ, 2021, 372: n71.
21. Zhao B, Hu K, Zeng X, et al. Development of a reporting guideline for systematic reviews of animal experiments in the field of traditional Chinese medicine. J Evid Based Med, 2022, 15(2): 152-167.
22. Akl EA, Khabsa J, Iannizzi C, et al. Extension of the PRISMA 2020 statement for living systematic reviews (PRISMA-LSR): checklist and explanation. BMJ, 2024, 387: e079183.
23. Shea BJ, Grimshaw JM, Wells GA, et al. Development of AMSTAR: a measurement tool to assess the methodological quality of systematic reviews. BMC Med Res Methodol, 2007, 7: 10.
24. Oxman AD. Checklists for review articles. BMJ, 1994, 309(6955): 648-651.
25. Sacks HS, Berrier J, Reitman D, et al. Meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials. N Engl J Med, 1987, 316(8): 450-455.
26. Shea BJ, Reeves BC, Wells G, et al. AMSTAR 2: a critical appraisal tool for systematic reviews that include randomised or non-randomised studies of healthcare interventions, or both. BMJ, 2017, 358: j4008.
27. Levac D, Colquhoun H, O'Brien KK. Scoping studies: advancing the methodology. Implement Sci, 2010, 5: 69.
28. Tricco AC, Lillie E, Zarin W, et al. PRISMA extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR): checklist and explanation. Ann Intern Med, 2018, 169(7): 467-473.
29. 王浙, 吴才志, 赖鸿皓, 等. 证据合成领域下的综述类型. 医学新知, 2024, 34(2): 191-205.
30. Atkins D, Best D, Briss PA, et al. Grading quality of evidence and strength of recommendations. BMJ, 2004, 328(7454): 1490.
31. Guyatt GH, Oxman AD, Vist GE, 等. GRADE: 证据质量和推荐强度分级的共识. 中国循证医学杂志, 2009, 9(1): 8-11.
32. 孙鑫, 李玲, 李舍予, 等. 促进高质量临床实践指南快速制订与有效使用: MAGIC体系与中国行动. 中国循证医学杂志, 2020, 20(1): 2-6.
33. Donnelly CA, Boyd I, Campbell P, et al. Four principles to make evidence synthesis more useful for policy. Nature, 2018, 558(7710): 361-364.
34. A guide to evidence synthesis: Cornell University library evidence. 2024.
35. Subbiah V. The next generation of evidence-based medicine. Nat Med, 2023, 29(1): 49-58.
36. Sutton A, Clowes M, Preston L, et al. Meeting the review family: exploring review types and associated information retrieval requirements. Health Info Libr J, 2019, 36(3): 202-222.
37. 苏仁凤, 玉炫, 史乾灵, 等. 证据合成方法学: 现状与发展. 协和医学杂志, 2023, 14(6): 1301-1309.
38. Higgins JPT, Chandler J, Cumpston M, et al. Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions version 6.4. 2023.
39. Hamel C, Michaud A, Thuku M, et al. Defining rapid reviews: a systematic scoping review and thematic analysis of definitions and defining characteristics of rapid reviews. J Clin Epidemiol, 2021, 129: 74-85.
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