Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) serve as the cornerstone of medical decision-making, with evaluation tools such as AGREE and RIGHT designed to ensure that these guidelines are grounded in the best available evidence and contribute to enhancing healthcare quality. This article reviews the historical development and current status of CPG evaluation tools, examining their diversity, complexity, application challenges, and inconsistencies in evaluation outcomes. A thorough discussion is provided on the strengths and weaknesses of existing evaluation tools, along with proposed future developmental directions. It is recommended that future efforts prioritize the creation of more streamlined tool designs, foster enhanced international collaboration strategies, and incorporate artificial intelligence technologies. These initiatives aim to improve both the efficiency and accuracy of evaluative processes while facilitating advancements in healthcare practices towards elevated quality standards.
ObjectiveTo analyze the 2023 learning society construction project in order to provide references for researchers in this field. MethodsExcel 2021 software was used to summarize and comb the list of key tasks for the construction of a learning society in 2023 (field of higher continuing education) published on the official website of the Chinese Ministry of Education, and to visually analyze the research topics of key tasks in the medical field and the distribution of applicants. ResultsThe analysis found that a total of 250 projects were shortlisted in the cultivation and construction list, including 100 teaching reform and innovation tasks of continuing education for academic degrees, 100 reform and innovation tasks of non-academic education, and 50 tasks to explore the path of coordinated innovation of the three education. The project involved digital transformation, education and teaching reform, ideological and political education, etc. There were 17 medical projects, accounting for 6.8% of the total number of key tasks. The 17 medical key task declaration units were distributed in 12 provinces (regions), which were mainly concentrated in East China, and the construction of "non-double first-class" universities as the main force; The results mainly focused on personnel training and education and teaching reform. ConclusionThe analysis results of the key task list of 2023 learning society construction (field of higher continuing education) provide important references and enlightenment for the researchers in the field of education, and provide guidance and references for the future development of higher continuing education.
Systematic reviews and meta-analyses have become the cornerstone methodologies for integrating multi-source research data and enhancing the quality of evidence. Traditional meta-analyses often demonstrate limitations when handling multiple treatment options. Network meta-analysis (NMA) overcomes these limitations by constructing a network of evidence that encompasses various treatment options, allowing for the simultaneous comparison of both direct and indirect evidence across multiple treatment plans. This provides more comprehensive and precise support for clinical decision-making. This article comprehensively reviews the statistical principles of NMA, its three fundamental assumptions, and the statistical inference framework. It also critically analyzes the mainstream NMA software and packages currently available, such as R (including gemtc, netmeta, rjags, pcnetmeta), Stata (mvmeta, network), WinBUGS, SAS, ADDIS, and various online applications, highlighting their strengths, weaknesses, and suitable scenarios. This analysis provides researchers with a scientific and unified framework for conducting clinical studies and policy-making.