ZHU Xinxin 1 , XIE Xiangqi 2 , WANG Qiuting 3 , LONG Lifang 1 , XIE Jiaxin 4 , TANG Rou 1 , ZHANG Yuqing 1 , LIN Meizhen 5
  • 1. College of Nursing, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, P. R. China;
  • 2. The Second Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China;
  • 3. Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medical, Guangzhou 510120, P. R. China;
  • 4. Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, P. R, China;
  • 5. Hospital Infection Management Office, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, P. R. China;
LIN Meizhen, Email: lmzmay@163.com
Overweight; Obesity; Abdominal obesity; Elderly; Cognitive impairment; Meta-analysis
10.7507/1672-2531.202408022
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Objective To systematically review the association between overweight, obesity, abdominal obesity, and cognitive impairment in the elderly. Methods The CNKI, WanFang Data, VIP, CBM, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were electronically searched for studies on the relationship between overweight, obesity/abdominal obesity, and cognitive impairment in the elderly from their inception to July 2024. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias of the included studies. Meta-analysis was performed using Stata 15.0 software. Results A total of 38 studies involving 1 783 087 subjects were included. Meta-analysis results showed that compared with normal-weight individuals, overweight (OR=0.96, 95%CI 0.91 to 1.02, P=0.201) was not statistically significant in the risk of CI in the elderly. Obesity (OR=1.14, 95%CI 1.02 to 1.28, P=0.03) and abdominal obesity (OR=1.16, 95%CI 1.11 to 1.21, P<0.001) may be risk factors for CI in the elderly. Subgroup analysis was conducted based on study type, BMI standards, cognitive diagnostic standards, national development level, abdominal obesity diagnostic standards, and follow-up time. Among the subgroups analyzing the correlation between overweight and CI in the elderly, follow-up time ≤ 5 years (OR=0.68, 95%CI 0.58 to 0.80) showed a lower proportion of CI compared to other follow-up periods. In the subgroups analyzing the correlation between obesity and CI in the elderly, follow-up time ≤ 5 years (OR=0.71, 95%CI 0.50 to 1.01) was not statistically significant compared to other follow-up periods. For abdominal obesity, a significant association with increased CI risk in the elderly was found only in the subgroup with a follow-up time of 5-10 years (OR=1.21, 95%CI 1.15 to 1.27), compared with other follow-up periods. Conclusion Current evidence suggests that obesity and abdominal obesity may increase the risk of CI in the elderly. Proper weight management is crucial for preventing and delaying the progression of CI in the elderly.

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