• 1. Department of Pharmacy, The 9l0th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of the People's Liberation Army of China, Quanzhou 362000, P. R. China;
  • 2. Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The 9l0th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of the People's Liberation Army of China, Quanzhou 362000, P. R. China;
  • 3. Department of Pharmacy, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen 361004, P. R. China;
  • 4. Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University Affiliated Qingdao Eighth People’s Hospital, Qingdao 266121, P. R. China;
OUYANG Hua, Email: oyh820@126.com; DAI Li, Email: dailyjia@163.com
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Objective To systematically review the efficacy and safety of 12 antimicrobial drug regimens for the treatment of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial (MDR-GNB) infections. Methods The PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, ClinicalTrials, CNKI, WanFang Data, and Chinese Medical Journal Full-text Database were electronically searched to collect studies related to objectives form inception to February 2023. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias in the included studies. Stata software was then used to perform a network meta-analysis. Results A total of 64 articles were included. The network meta-analysis results indicated that combination regimens based on carbapenems, β-lactam/combination agents, or tigecycline showed higher clinical antibacterial effectiveness and bacterial clearance rates for resistant bacterial infections. Among all regimens, tigecycline + β-lactam/combination agent, polymyxin + β-lactam/combination agent, and triple-therapy regimens exhibited superior antibacterial effects. Moreover, most combination regimens containing carbapenems had lower mortality risks, with carbapenems combined with aminoglycosides, β-lactam/combination agents, or polymyxins ranking high in clinical or bacteriological efficacy. Conclusion Current evidence suggests that combination regimens based on β-lactam/combination agents, carbapenems, and tigecycline may be beneficial for improving the clinical and bacteriological efficacy of treating resistant bacterial infections. Due to the limited quantity and quality of the included studies, more high-quality studies are needed to verify the above conclusion.

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