Five patients undergoing 5G remote robot-assisted thoracoscopic surgery_Chinese Journal of Clinical Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery

Authors：

ZUO Zhuang ^1,2 , TANG Xu ^1,2 , CHEN Wenlong ^1,2 , JIN Dacheng ¹ , CAO Wei ^1,2 ,  GOU Yunjiu ¹

1. Department of Thoracic Surgery, Gansu Province People’s Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China;
2. The First Clinical Medical College of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China;

Corresponding author：

GOU Yunjiu, Email: gouyunjiu@163.com

Keywords：

5G communication technology; telesurgery; robotic surgery; radical lung cancer surgery; mediastinal tumor resection

DOI：

10.7507/1007-4848.202412026

Video：

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Objective To evaluate the safety and feasibility of remote robot-assisted thoracoscopic surgery utilizing 5G technology. Methods Clinical data from five patients who underwent 5G remote robot-assisted thoracoscopic surgery at the Thoracic Surgery Center of Gansu Provincial People's Hospital from May to October 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients underwent remote robot-assisted surgery. Results Finally five patients were included. There were 2 males and 3 females at median age of 50 (42-63) years. All five surgeries (including 1 patient of lobectomy, 3 patients of partial lung resection and 1 patient of mediastinal lesion resection) were successfully completed without conversion to thoracotomy, complications, or mortality. The median intraoperative signal delay across the patients was 39 (37-42) ms. The median psychological load score for the surgeons was 9 (3-13). The median operation time was 100 (80-122) minutes with a median intraoperative blood loss of 100 (30-200) mL. Catheter drainage lasted a median of 4 (3-5) days, and the median drainage volumes on the third postoperative day were 200 (100-300) mL, 150 (60-220) mL, and 80 (30-180) mL, respectively. The median postoperative hospital stay was 4 (3-7) days, and the median pain scores on the third postoperative day were 3 (1-4), 3 (0-3), and 1 (0-3), respectively. Conclusion 5G remote robot-assisted thoracoscopic surgery is safe and effective, with good surgical experience, smooth operation and small intraoperative delay.

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20.	Georgiou KE, Georgiou E, Satava RM. 5G Use in healthcare: The future is present. JSLS, 2021, 25(4): e2021.00064.

1. Pan JM, Watkins AA, Stock CT, et al. The surgical renaissance: Advancements in video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery and robotic-assisted thoracic surgery and their impact on patient outcomes. Cancers, 2024, 16(17): 3086.
2. Park JW, Chen M, Colombo M, et al. Global patterns of hepatocellular carcinoma management from diagnosis to death: The BRIDGE Study. Liver Int, 2015, 35(9): 2155-2166.
3. Sun HC, Zhou J, Wang Z, et al. Chinese expert consensus on conversion therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (2021 edition). Hepatobiliary Surg Nutr, 2022, 11(2): 227-252.
4. Chen B, Shi X, Feng T, et al. Construction and application of a private 5g standalone medical network in a smart health environment: exploratory practice from China. JMIR, 2024, 26: e52404.
5. Han ZL, Lei YM, Yu J, et al. Satisfaction analysis of 5G remote ultrasound robot for diagnostics based on a structural equation model. Front Robot AI, 2024, 11: 1413065.
6. Sambandan D, Thirupathi D. Towards a unified management interface for 5G sensor networks: Interoperability between yet another next generation and open platform communication unified architecture. Sensors, 2024, 24(19): 6231.
7. Li C, Zheng J, Zhang X, et al. Telemedicine network latency management system in 5G telesurgery: A feasibility and effectiveness study. Surg Endosc, 2024, 38(3): 1592-1599.
8. Lee BR, Bishoff JT, Janetschek G, et al. A novel method of surgical instruction: International telementoring. World J Urol, 1998, 16(6): 367-370.
9. Micali S, Virgili G, Vannozzi E, et al. Feasibility of telementoring between Baltimore (USA) and Rome (Italy): The first five cases. J Endourol, 2000, 14(6): 493-496.
10. Cheah WK, Lee B, Lenzi JE, et al. Telesurgical laparoscopic cholecystectomy between two countries. Surg Endosc, 2000, 14(11): 1085.
11. Subspecialty Group of Endocrinologic, Hereditary and MetabolicDiseases, the Society of Pediatrics. Consensus statement on the diagnosis and endocrine treatment of children with disorder of sexdevelopment. Chin J Pediatr, 2019, 57(6): 410-418.
12. Yang X, Wang Y, Jiao W, et al. Application of 5G technology to conduct tele-surgical robot-assisted laparoscopic radical cystectomy. IJMR+CAS, 2022, 18(4): e2412.
13. Li J, Yang X, Chu G, et al. Application of Improved Robot-assisted Laparoscopic Telesurgery with 5G Technology in Urology. Eur Urol, 2023, 83(1): 41-44.
14. Zhou F, Guo B, Lv H, et al. Application of 5G Remote robotic-assisted laparoscopy in urological surgery: A small sample analysis. Urology, 2024, S0090-4295(24): 01062-8.
15. Patel V, Saikali S, Moschovas MC, et al. Technical and ethical considerations in telesurgery. J Robotic Surg, 2024, 18(1): 40.
16. 古宏兵, 程根, 杨勇飞, 等. 安徽省内首例5G远程机器人辅助根治性前列腺切除术(附手术视频). 机器人外科学杂志(中英文), 2025, 1(20): 1-5.Gu H, Cheng G, Yang Y, et al. 5G remote robot-assisted radical prostatectomy: The first case report in Anhui province (with surgical video). CJRS, 2025, 1(20): 1-5.
17. 詹渭鹏, 马于祺, 狐鸣, 等. 5G远程机器人辅助远端胃癌根治术1例报道(附手术视频). 机器人外科学杂志(中英文), 2025, 1(20): 1-6.Zhan W, Ma Y, Hu M, et al. 5G remote robot-assisted radical gastrectomy for distal gastric cancer: A case report (with surgical video). CJRS, 2025, 1(20): 1-6.
18. Saikali S, Covas Moschovas M, Gamal A, et al. Telesurgery: Humanitarian and surgical benefits while navigating technologic and administrative challenges. J Robotic Surg, 2024, 18(1): 393.
19. Yang J, Zhou X, Zhou X, et al. Percutaneous nephrolithotomy guided by 5G-powered robot-assisted teleultrasound diagnosis system: First clinical experience with a novel tele-assistance approach (IDEAL stage 1). BMC Urol, 2024, 24(1): 17.
20. Georgiou KE, Georgiou E, Satava RM. 5G Use in healthcare: The future is present. JSLS, 2021, 25(4): e2021.00064.

Chinese Journal of Clinical Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery

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