Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy: a controversial disease identity with challenges and opportunities_Chinese Journal of Ocular Fundus Diseases

Authors：

 ChenYouxin

Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China;

Corresponding author：

ChenYouxin, Email: chenyouxinpumch@163.com

Keywords：

Choroid diseases/diagnosis; Choroid diseases/therapy; Editorial

DOI：

10.3760/cma.j.issn.1005-1015.2014.03.001

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The pathogenesis of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) is still controversial. More evidence of clinical and basic research is needed to distinguish PCV from an independent disease to a subtype of age-related macular degeneration. Not only that, there are also many puzzles in the diagnosis, treatment options and prognosis of PCV. In addition to these common problems, we also face a large population with risk factors, a large number of PCV patients with multiple and complex challenges in China. There is a long way to go to reduce the damage effects of PCV on visual function. To fulfil this goal, we need make full use of the huge resources of PCV patients and turn these challenges into opportunities, and contribute the improvement of diagnosis and better understanding of PCV pathogenesis.

Citation： ChenYouxin. Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy: a controversial disease identity with challenges and opportunities. Chinese Journal of Ocular Fundus Diseases, 2014, 30(3): 227-229. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1005-1015.2014.03.001 Copy

1.	Yannuzzi LA, Sorenson J, Spaide RF, et al. Idiopathic polypoidal choroidal vasculpathy (IPCV)[J]. Retina, 1990, 10:1-8.
2.	Kondo N,Honda S,Ishibushi S,et al. Elastin gene polymorphisms in neovascular age-related macular degeneration and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy[J].Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2008, 49:1101-1105.
3.	Liu K, Chen LJ, Tam PO, et al. Associations of the C2-CFB-RDBP-SKIV2L locus with age-related macular degeneration and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy[J].Ophthalmology, 2013, 120:837-843.
4.	Zhang X, Li M, Wen F. Different impact of high-density lipoprotein-related genetic variants on polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy and neovascular age-related macular degeneration in a Chinese Han population[J]. Exp Eye Res, 2013, 108:16-22.
5.	Jiang JJ, Wu X, Zhou P, et al. Meta-analysis of the relationship between the LOC387715/ARMS2 polymorphism and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy[J]. Genet Mol Res, 2012, 11:4256-4267.
6.	Chantaren P, Ruamviboonsuk P, Ponglikitmongkol M, et al. Major single nucleotide polymorphisms in polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy: a comparative analysis between Thai and other Asian populations[J]. Clin Ophthalmol, 2012, 6:465-471.
7.	Yuan D, Yuan D, Yuan S, et al.The age-related maculopathy susceptibility 2 polymorphism and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy in Asian populations: a meta-analysis[J]. Ophthalmology, 2013, 120:2051-2157.
8.	Nakashizuka H,Mitsumata M, Okisaka S, et al. Clinicopathological findings of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy[J]. Invest Ophthaomol Vis Sci, 2008, 11:4929-4937.
9.	Koh A, Chen L, Chen S, et al. Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy-evidence-based guidelines for clinical diagnosis and treatment[J]. Retina, 2013, 33:686-716.
10.	Sayanagi K, Gomi, F, Ikuno Y, et al. Comparison of spectral-domain and high-penetration OCT for observing morphologic changes in age-related macular degeneration and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy[J]. Graefe's Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol, 2014, 252:3-9.
11.	St Martin JM, Rodman J, Pizzimenti JJ, et al. The "double-layer sign": in vivo imaging of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy[J].Optom Vis Sci, 2013, 90: 293-300.
12.	Koh A, Lee W,Chen L,et al. EVEREST Study efficacy and safety of verteporfin photodynamic therapy in combination with ranibizumab or alone versus ranibizumab monotherapy in patients with symptomatic macular polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy[J]. Retina, 2012, 32:1453-1464.
13.	Miki A, Honda S, Kojima H, et al. Visual outcome of photodynamic therapy for typical neovascular age-related macular degeneration and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy over 5 years of follow-up[J]. Jpn J Ophthalmol, 2013, 57:301-307.
14.	Kang HM, Kim YM, Koh HJ. Five-year follow-up results of photodynamic therapy for polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 2013, 155:438-447.
15.	Inoue M, Arakawa A, Yamane S, et al. Long-term outcome of intravitreal ranibizumab treatment, compared with photodynamic therapy, in patients with polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy[J]. Eye (Lond), 2013,27:1013-1020.
16.	Hikichi T, Higuchi M, Matsushita T, et al. Results of 2 years of treatment with as-needed ranibizumab reinjection for polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy[J]. Br J Ophthalmol, 2013, 97:617-621.
17.	Cho HJ, Koh KM, Kim HS, et al. Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor monotherapy in the treatment of submacular hemorrhage secondary to polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 2013, 156:524-531.
18.	Oishi A, Kojima H, Mandai M, et al.Comparison of the effect of ranibizumab and verteporfin for polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy: 12-month LAPTOP Study results[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 2013, 156:644-651.
19.	Nakata I, Tsujikawa A, Yamashiro K, et al.Two-year outcome of photodynamic therapy combined with intravitreal injection of bevacizumab and triamcinolone acetonide for polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy[J]. Graefe's Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol, 2013, 251:1073-1080.
20.	Jeon S, Lee WK, Kim KS. Adjusted retreatment of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy after combination therapy: results at 3 years. Retina, 2013, 33:1193-200.
21.	金陈进,张燕,田臻,等.PDT治疗息肉样脉络膜血管病变[J].中华眼科杂志,2007,43:642-645.
22.	王静,陈有信, 王尔茜,等. PDT治疗息肉样脉络膜血管病变随访三年效果观察[J].中华眼底病杂志,2014,30: 54-58.
23.	Ciardella AP, Donsoff IM, Huang SJ, et al. Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy[J]. Surv Ophthalmol, 2004, 49:25-37.
24.	Bessho H, Honda S, Imai H, et al. Natural course and funduscopic findings of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy in a Japanese population over 1 year of follow-up[J]. Retina, 2011, 31:1598-1602.
25.	Wong LM, Lai YY. Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy: an update on therapeutic approaches[J]. J Ophthalmic Vis Res, 2013, 8:359-371.

1. Yannuzzi LA, Sorenson J, Spaide RF, et al. Idiopathic polypoidal choroidal vasculpathy (IPCV)[J]. Retina, 1990, 10:1-8.
2. Kondo N,Honda S,Ishibushi S,et al. Elastin gene polymorphisms in neovascular age-related macular degeneration and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy[J].Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2008, 49:1101-1105.
3. Liu K, Chen LJ, Tam PO, et al. Associations of the C2-CFB-RDBP-SKIV2L locus with age-related macular degeneration and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy[J].Ophthalmology, 2013, 120:837-843.
4. Zhang X, Li M, Wen F. Different impact of high-density lipoprotein-related genetic variants on polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy and neovascular age-related macular degeneration in a Chinese Han population[J]. Exp Eye Res, 2013, 108:16-22.
5. Jiang JJ, Wu X, Zhou P, et al. Meta-analysis of the relationship between the LOC387715/ARMS2 polymorphism and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy[J]. Genet Mol Res, 2012, 11:4256-4267.
6. Chantaren P, Ruamviboonsuk P, Ponglikitmongkol M, et al. Major single nucleotide polymorphisms in polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy: a comparative analysis between Thai and other Asian populations[J]. Clin Ophthalmol, 2012, 6:465-471.
7. Yuan D, Yuan D, Yuan S, et al.The age-related maculopathy susceptibility 2 polymorphism and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy in Asian populations: a meta-analysis[J]. Ophthalmology, 2013, 120:2051-2157.
8. Nakashizuka H,Mitsumata M, Okisaka S, et al. Clinicopathological findings of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy[J]. Invest Ophthaomol Vis Sci, 2008, 11:4929-4937.
9. Koh A, Chen L, Chen S, et al. Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy-evidence-based guidelines for clinical diagnosis and treatment[J]. Retina, 2013, 33:686-716.
10. Sayanagi K, Gomi, F, Ikuno Y, et al. Comparison of spectral-domain and high-penetration OCT for observing morphologic changes in age-related macular degeneration and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy[J]. Graefe's Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol, 2014, 252:3-9.
11. St Martin JM, Rodman J, Pizzimenti JJ, et al. The "double-layer sign": in vivo imaging of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy[J].Optom Vis Sci, 2013, 90: 293-300.
12. Koh A, Lee W,Chen L,et al. EVEREST Study efficacy and safety of verteporfin photodynamic therapy in combination with ranibizumab or alone versus ranibizumab monotherapy in patients with symptomatic macular polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy[J]. Retina, 2012, 32:1453-1464.
13. Miki A, Honda S, Kojima H, et al. Visual outcome of photodynamic therapy for typical neovascular age-related macular degeneration and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy over 5 years of follow-up[J]. Jpn J Ophthalmol, 2013, 57:301-307.
14. Kang HM, Kim YM, Koh HJ. Five-year follow-up results of photodynamic therapy for polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 2013, 155:438-447.
15. Inoue M, Arakawa A, Yamane S, et al. Long-term outcome of intravitreal ranibizumab treatment, compared with photodynamic therapy, in patients with polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy[J]. Eye (Lond), 2013,27:1013-1020.
16. Hikichi T, Higuchi M, Matsushita T, et al. Results of 2 years of treatment with as-needed ranibizumab reinjection for polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy[J]. Br J Ophthalmol, 2013, 97:617-621.
17. Cho HJ, Koh KM, Kim HS, et al. Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor monotherapy in the treatment of submacular hemorrhage secondary to polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 2013, 156:524-531.
18. Oishi A, Kojima H, Mandai M, et al.Comparison of the effect of ranibizumab and verteporfin for polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy: 12-month LAPTOP Study results[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 2013, 156:644-651.
19. Nakata I, Tsujikawa A, Yamashiro K, et al.Two-year outcome of photodynamic therapy combined with intravitreal injection of bevacizumab and triamcinolone acetonide for polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy[J]. Graefe's Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol, 2013, 251:1073-1080.
20. Jeon S, Lee WK, Kim KS. Adjusted retreatment of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy after combination therapy: results at 3 years. Retina, 2013, 33:1193-200.
21. 金陈进,张燕,田臻,等.PDT治疗息肉样脉络膜血管病变[J].中华眼科杂志,2007,43:642-645.
22. 王静,陈有信, 王尔茜,等. PDT治疗息肉样脉络膜血管病变随访三年效果观察[J].中华眼底病杂志,2014,30: 54-58.
23. Ciardella AP, Donsoff IM, Huang SJ, et al. Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy[J]. Surv Ophthalmol, 2004, 49:25-37.
24. Bessho H, Honda S, Imai H, et al. Natural course and funduscopic findings of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy in a Japanese population over 1 year of follow-up[J]. Retina, 2011, 31:1598-1602.
25. Wong LM, Lai YY. Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy: an update on therapeutic approaches[J]. J Ophthalmic Vis Res, 2013, 8:359-371.

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